All immovables and real rights relating to immovables are entered in the land register. Registered immovables shall be plots of land, apartment ownerships, rights of superficies and rights of superficies in apartment ownerships. As a thing and essential parts thereof cannot be objects of different rights, the owner of an immovable shall be the owner of the plot of land along with all things (buildings, vegetation, forest) permanently attached to it and also things permanently attached to the building (roof, ceilings).
Ownership relations and limited real rights established on the registered immovable for the benefit of third persons shall be entered in the land register:
rights connected with securities: mortgages and real encumbrances;
rights of use: rights of superficies, real servitudes and personal servitudes (usufruct and personal right of use);
rights connected with acquisition: preemption right.
In addition to real rights notations are entered in the land register:
preliminary notations – regarding a right to be entered in the land register in the future. Preliminary notations, for example, are entered in the land register to secure a favourable ranking for a real right (mortgage) which will encumber the registered immovable in the future;
objections – for securing the correction of an incorrect entry. An objection shall not prevent further transfer or encumbrance of the registered immovable but if the matter is adjudicated for the benefit of the person who submitted the objection the status of the land register may be “wound back”;
prohibitions – for the purpose of prohibiting transfer or encumbrance of the registered immovable on the basis of a court ruling or a ruling of an investigation authority. A prohibition will “lock” the land register but if the person requesting a prohibition loses the case, compensation for the damage caused by the prohibition may be exacted from him or her;
tenancy or commercial lease notations – shall secure that upon transfer of the registered immovable the new owner cannot cancel a tenancy or commercial lease contract entered into with the former owner;
